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Pan-Africanism is a worldwide movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all indigenous and diaspora ethnic groups of African descent. Based on a common goal dating back to the Atlantic slave trade, the movement extends beyond continental Africans with a substantial support base among the African diaspora in the Americas and Europe.Pan-Africanism can be said to have its origins in the struggles of the African people against enslavement and colonization and this struggle may be traced back to the first resistance on slave ships—rebellions and suicides—through the constant plantation and colonial uprisings and the "Back to Africa" movements of the 19th century. Based on the belief that unity is vital to economic, social, and political progress and aims to "unify and uplift" people of African descent.At its core, pan-Africanism is a belief that "African people, both on the continent and in the diaspora, share not merely a common history, but a common destiny". Pan-Africanist intellectual, cultural, and political movements tend to view all Africans and descendants of Africans as belonging to a single "race" and/or sharing cultural unity. Pan-Africanism posits a sense of a shared historical fate for Africans in America, West Indies, and on the continent, itself centered on the Atlantic trade in slaves, African slavery, and European imperialism.Pan-African thought influenced the establishment of the Organisation of African Unity (now the African Union) in 1963. The African Union Commission has its seat in Addis Ababa and the Pan-African Parliament has its seat in Johannesburg and Midrand.

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  1. W

    Are 90mm pan cons for cast iron / clay?

    As in, if you have a cast soil is that always what you want? Thanks
  2. A

    Relining the ?silicone? around a shower pan

    Hi, I have a shower cubicle which has what looks like a silicone border (marked in black in photo A) that separates the tiles from the shower pan. This is wearing out and is starting to get gaps in it. I bought a basic silicone sealant, but I am not sure if this is the right tool for the job...
  3. L

    127mm pan connector

    Does anyone know where I can source a 127mm (5") pan connector, all the ones I have seen fit 4 inch waste pipe. Cheers.
  4. T

    Wall hung pan

    Soooooo, am making a false wall for a wall hung pan tomorrow. Geberit frame already in place, fitted that today. My question is, what's the best method/material to make the wall out of? Obviously there'll be a whole load of timber bracing it out, and tiled with the worlds hardest 300x600...
  5. M

    leaking water in to the pan

    Hi, i have recntly put in a new toilet and although there are no external leaks, ive noticed that water trickles in to the pan whilst the cistern is filling up. It stops when the cistern is full?. is this a faulty flush mechanism? ( large plastic tower in the cistern) or something else? Any...
  6. R

    Toilet pan connector leak

    Friends Had a chap on the phone, he had a new toilet fitted and now he has a small leak from the pan connector that connects to the pan. His plumber has gone awol! Anyway, he said the connector was changed but still leaking, it does not leak the waste pipe size. Any views on how to fix...
  7. M

    where to buy the white screw thingy with caps to screw pan down?

    As above
  8. G

    Flexible WC Pan Connector

    I am in the process of replacing a flexible WC pan connector owing to a leak developing between the connector and WC spigot, not sure why other than the rubber seal seems to have hardened, and am wondering whether to use any form of lubricant/sealer on either end of the connector on the rubber...
  9. T

    Does Anybody know of a WC pan with spigot set far back off wall?

    I am after a close coupled or back to wall WC with the spigot outlet set back quite a bit to give the maximum possible distance off the wall, 250mm atleast I think, have not had a proper measure yet but looks atleast that distance. I fitted a back to wall one a couple of months ago where I had...
  10. T

    Leak between cistern and pan of close coupled toilet

    I have a leak between the cistern and pan of a close coupled toilet. Water escapes when the toilet is flushed. I had recently removed the siphon to repair the mechanism and since reinstalling there is now a leak. My main issue is that I don't seem to be able to access the bolts which join the...
  11. F

    Rats repeatedly chewing through flexible pan connector

    I have had repeated problems with holes in the middle of the flexible outflow pipe from my toilet. The pan connector has needed to be replaced 3 times in 2 months. One time when this was the case, there were very clear bite marks and a large hole that appeared within just 2 weeks - the only real...
  12. D

    Pan height?

    Hello all I hope you all had a good Christmas. What is the normal measurement from the bottom of a toilet to the center of the waste hole as I need to install the soil waste before the toilet is purchased. Is there a standard measurement for all toilets or does it differ? Thank you all.
  13. T

    Close Coupled with a Flat back/Back to Wall Pan

    Hi, Im fitting one of these on Friday, I always try not to as i like to pipe everything ridgid i.e endfeed tap con's and ridgid pan connecters and with these style of toilets its near impossilble to do sometimes. Anyway the customer has insisted he wants one as the toilet is the first thing you...
  14. H

    boss on swan neck pan connector

    Have a toilet installed with a swan neck pan connector... is it possible to solvent weld a strap on type boss to this..?? does it need to be strapped on or will the solvent weld be enough to hold it on... ?? or is there any other method of attaching a boss.....?? have very limited access...
  15. W

    concealed cistern and back to wall pan. fitting tips?

    hi all was wondering if anyone had any useful tips when connecting back to wall pan to the concealed cistern cistern. once you push the toilet back to the unit u cant see if u have any leaks on flush pipe or pan connector. is there a easy way.
  16. B

    Flexible pan connectors.

    Are flexible pan connectors any good? Never fitted one like this - have always gone for rigid HDPE where possible. However after fitting more and more flexble WHB and Sink wastes over the years I have a little more confidence in their longevity. It would not require to be extended very much...
  17. B

    toilet pan fixing screw sleeve

    hi i am sick of paying £5 for a pan fixing fischer screw kit and only end up using the plastic tapered sleeves as the screws are either to long or short . does anyone know where i could just get the plastic sleeves from ant
  18. S

    vanity unit Toilet pan failing to drain properly any advice appreciated

    Hi guys, im currently instaling a bathroom in a very old house as you could imagine nothing is square and plumb anyways i have removed the old toilet which had a lot bigger cistern than the one im installing at the moment. The toilet going in is a vanity unit with a concealed cistern and pan...
  19. F

    pan connector

    i have installed an off set pan connector FloPlast SP102 Offset Connector | NoLinkingToThis and i wanted to know what degree elbow goes on the other end. Underground Pipe & Fittings - Underground Drainage | NoLinkingToThis thanks
  20. G

    Toilet pan trap water empty

    Hi all the toilet pan trap water has nearly completely gone from the trap? Any ideas why? Only started few week ago?
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