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circulation
Print circulation is the average number of copies of a publication. Number of copies of a nonperiodical publication such as a book called usually print run. Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since some issues are distributed without cost to the reader. Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy is read by more than one person.
Print circulation is one of the principal factors used to set advertising rates. In many countries, circulations are audited by independent bodies such as the Audit Bureau of Circulations to assure advertisers that a given newspaper does reach the number of people claimed by the publisher. There are international open access directories such as Mondo Times, but these generally rely on numbers reported by newspapers themselves.
In many developed countries, print circulation is falling due to social and technological changes such as the availability of news on the internet. On the other hand, in some developing countries circulation is increasing as these factors are more than cancelled out by rising incomes, population, and literacy.
Hi guys.
I'm new here and looking for some advice.
I'm about to plumb a heating system which has both an oil boiler and solid fuel stove. The stove is on the ground floor with the dual coil cylinder on the first floor about 15ft away.
I intend using both sets of tappings on the stove, one...
Plumr
Thread
boiler
central heating system
circulation
cold
connect
cylinder
expansion
flow
gravity
motorised valve
oil
plumber
pump
reverse
secondary
system
tank
tee
temperature
valve
wall
i working on a potterton proforma 28, first of all the boiler was not working at all, just the pump, changed over the pcb board then it fired up, but now it only fires up for 10 seconds then goes to lock out, the red light just stays on. what could be the problem
thanks
Danny
I have a grundfos pump located on the primary pipes between the boiler and the thermal store cylinder. The pump is not working. The room stat is calling and the boiler is firing, but no circulation, just the flow from the boiler heating up.
I think the pump was working on dry pipes for a...
IST
Thread
boiler
central heating system
circulation
cold
cylinder
flow
free
gledhill
grundfos
head
hot
impeller
leak
not working
pipes
problem
pump
replacement
reset
store
switch
system
thermal
valves
water
working
I have a Potterton Netaheat Electronic boiler a Grundfos pump and a small Honeywell aluminum box underneath the pump.
What has happened over the last few months is the radiators upstairs would be luke warm upstairs where as down stairs were hot, then gradually the boiler started to make some...
GMAN6
Thread
air
blockage
boiler
central
circulation
combi
expansion
free
head
kitchen
oil
pipe
potterton
problem
pump
remove
sludge
starts
stops
system
tank
tee
valve
valves
waste
water
Gents,
Your advice and experience would be greatly appreciated by this keen amateur. I want to put a wood burner with a back boiler onto the outside wall of a single story extension and then link it into the current vented gas central heating system of the rest of the house. I believe in...
Tank
Thread
boiler
boiling
building
central
central heating system
circulation
cistern
condensing
copper
diy
expansion
flow
gas
gravity
hot
hot water
job
noisy
parts
pressure
pump
solid
solid fuel
stove
system
vent
water
The boiler in queston is a potterton housewarmer legend. The problem is when the hotwater is selected on the programmer all the upstairs radiators come on as well. My 1st thought was it is a faulty motorised valve,however after searching everywhere i cant locate a motorised valve. The pump is...
rudeboytee
Thread
back boiler
boiler
boilers
central heating system
circulation
convert
cylinder
gravity
hot
hot water
hotwater
loft
motorised valve
oil
pilot light
potterton
problem
pump
radiator
radiators
system
tank
valve
water
Hello all
I have a small 1 bedroom flat that currently has elec storage heaters. im not happy with them as they are expensive and dont have the effect as the heating in my previous flat (gas central heating)
My question is, if i fit alll the radiators and pipework (water only not gas) and also...
Cravenbiker
Thread
boiler
boilers
building
building regs
central
central heating system
circulation
copper
diy
filling loop
fitting
heating system
hose
hot
install
job
pipe
pressure
problem
system
test
work
Hi all,
Any thoughts on this?
Vented system - boiler fires up no problems (very noisey on fire up) - banging noise comes from cylinder pipework around where the 3 port valve is - after about 3-5 minutes the boiler shuts down.
I think the 3 port valve has had it as the manual lever...
nysk2008
Thread
air
banging
boiler
central heating system
circulation
cylinder
damage
gas
header
header tank
hot
hot water
manual
no hot water
pipe
pipes
pump
space
system
tank
valve
vent
water
work
Hi guys
I am looking for some advice regarding the 'return to boiler' tap on my Hercal indirect Coil cylinder.
I changed the taps in the bathroom the other day and in my quest to try and locate a tap to turn off the hot water supply, I may have turned the return to boiler tap off at the...
Apacs
Thread
bathroom
boiler
circulation
cylinder
drain
hot
hot water
indirect
oil
problem
supply
system
tank
tap
taps
water
Hello, I am new to this forum. I am in the process of replacing my economy seven direct combination hot water cylinder. I understand that it should just be a case of replacing one with another, however the Newark tank that i have bought as a replacement has six female connections to the hot...
rankal
Thread
boiler
central heating system
circulation
combi
combination
connect
connections
cylinder
diy
drainage
eco
gravity
hot
hot water
hot water cylinder
indirect
merchant
plumbers
replacement
showers
tank
tap
water
water tank
I'm installing an 8kw wood burning stove with flue boiler, which should generate about 2.5kw to heat the DHW by gravity/thermosyphon. I'm also fitting a heat leak rad (old cast iron one rated at about 1.3kw).
I have a few queries though about the design and layout of the pipework. The HW...
Gus
Thread
air
boiler
burner
central heating system
circulation
cold
control
cylinder
fitting
gravity
head
hot
hot water
leak
pipe
pump
radiators
system
tee
temperature
trap
valve
water
I have had a Vaillant EcoTec system boiler installed recently.There are two 2-port motorized valves controlling C.H. and H.W. fitted onto the 'flow' pipe from the boiler. The new system has replaced a Potterton Puma combination boiler. The new system has been connected to the originally fitted...
thumbsup
Thread
bath
boiler
circulation
combi
combination
connections
cylinder
dhw
eco
flow
heat
hot
hot water
identify
installation
pipe
pipes
plumbers
potterton
problem
radiator
radiators
shower
tee
vaillant
valves
water
I have recently had a new gas valve and fan fitted to my boiler. However i have noticed that it now works ok but after being on for a few minutes it only stays on for about 15 seconds. It then goes off for about ten and then comes back on. It does this throughout the programme. It seems to...
MITCH125
Thread
blockage
boiler
central
central heating system
circulation
diy
ferroli
flame
gas
high
hot
hot water
plumber
pressure
problem
problems
pump
tap
valve
water
I'm looking to install a hot water/central heating system in a static caravan. I have a woodburner with back boiler and I want to heat primarily my hot water but also a small rad and towel rail. The main issue as I see it is height. Ideally I would need to contain the system within the caravan...
AndyC
Thread
boiler
caravan
ceiling
central
central heating system
circulation
cold
cylinder
fitting
gravity
hot
hot water
indirect
install
plumbing
pump
radiators
static
system
towel rail
valve
water
work
Lets see what my peers think of this, you will have to open the links (marked "Produit") to see what I am on about, never mind the French, pictures speak louder than words
Solid Fuel Boilers, and the differences between, Open vented central heating systems, and Closed or Pressurised central...
Plouasne
Thread
air
bar
boiler
boilers
central
central heating system
circulation
cold
cold water
expansion
gas
inside
oil
open vented
pipe
pressure
pressurised
pump
radiator
rubber
solid
solid fuel
tank
valve
vessel
water
work
I'm interested to know if this is worthwhile as I have yet to complete my plumbing system. All the web info seems to be from USA. Seems to make sense if hot water immediately available, then less water down the drain. But maybe the cost of circulation pump electricity is a drawback.
I'd like to...
jbolland
Thread
central
central heating
circulation
copper
cylinder
drain
heat loss
heating
hot
hot water
install
pipe
pipe size
pipes
plumbing
power
price
pump
secondary
system
timer
water
web
yellow
Recently installed wood burning stove - gravity fed indirect cylinder and pumped radiator circuit. Once the flow pipe from the boiler gets too hot to touch on most occasions the stove boiler starts hissing and the return pipe is always luke warm. To get around this problem we activate the pump...
jgray
Thread
air
boiler
burning
circuit
circulation
cylinder
fitting
flow
gravity
high
hot
hot water
indirect
leak
pipe
pipes
plumber
plumbing
problem
radiator
stove
system
vent
water
web
work
Hi,
I have been asked to look at a multi zoned system, where one of the radiators is getting hot because of the wrong connection to it on the return pipe work.
All the floors are tiled it would be costly to alter pipework under the floors. If i stuck in a non return valve on the radiator that...
Hi guys.
I'm new here and looking for some advice.
I'm about to plumb a heating system which has both an oil boiler and solid fuel stove. The stove is on the ground floor with the dual coil cylinder on the first floor about 15ft away.
I intend using both sets of tappings on the stove, one...
Plumr
Thread
boiler
central heating system
circulation
cold
cylinder
expansion
flow
motorised valve
oil
pump
reverse
secondary
system
tank
temperature
valve
wall
Hi,
I'm new to the forum, I'm a keen and competent DIYer. Lots of good info on here but I've had to admit defeat so my first post is asking for help :)
We have an open vented central heating system comprising a Baxi Solo PF2 60, 16 radiators and an unvented cylinder. The system has been...
ironside
Thread
air
bits
boiler
central heating system
circulation
cistern
cold
cylinder
install
kettling
manual
open vented
pipe
pressurised
problem
pump
radiator
radiators
system
temperature
trv
unvented
vent
vented
water
work
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